Few specialties are made for the introduction of automation as is anesthesia. Compared
with surgery, anesthesiologists do not change the integrity of the human body. Anesthesiologists
administer drugs by different access routes into the human body to render it into
a state where surgery can be performed. When they work in intensive care, monitoring
the different body functions and trying to restore the integrity of these functions
or the normal physiological state of the human body are principal tasks. Working in
the emergency field—either within the hospital or outside—means to quickly diagnose
an immediate and very often life-threatening disorder of the human body and correct
it using various interventional pharmacological or nonpharmacological tools.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Advances in AnesthesiaAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Is muscle relaxant necessary for cardiac surgery?.Anesth Analg. 2004; 99 ([table of contents]): 1330-1333
- An integrated graphic data display improves detection and identification of critical events during anesthesia.J Clin Monit. 1997; 13: 249-259
- A graphical object display improves anesthesiologists' performance on a simulated diagnostic task.J Clin Monit Comput. 1999; 15: 37-44
- Visual display format affects the ability of anesthesiologists to detect acute physiologic changes. A laboratory study employing a clinical display simulator.Anesthesiology. 1995; 83: 1184-1193
- Development and evaluation of a graphical anesthesia drug display.Anesthesiology. 2002; 96: 565-575
- The graphical presentation of decision support information in an intelligent anaesthesia monitor.Artif Intell Med. 2001; 22: 173-191
- Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): results of empirical and theoretical research.in: Hancock P.A. Meshkati N. Human mental workload. North-Holland, Amsterdam1988: 139-183
- Evidence-based practice and neuromuscular monitoring: it's time for routine quantitative assessment.Anesthesiology. 2003; 98: 1037-1039
- Brief review: neuromuscular monitoring: an update for the clinician.Can J Anaesth. 2007; 54: 58-72
Salhab E, Deschamps S, Matthieu P, et al. The Analgoscore: a new score for intraoperative pain used for feedback administration of remifentanil [26410]. Canadian Society of Anesthesiology 62nd Annual Meeting. Toronto (Canada), June 2, 2006.
- Alarms and their limits in monitoring.J Clin Monit. 1989; 5: 205-210
- Optimization of alarms: a study on alarm limits, alarm sounds, and false alarms, intended to reduce annoyance.J Clin Monit Comput. 1999; 15: 75-83
- Auditory alarms during anesthesia monitoring with an integrated monitoring system.Int J Clin Monit Comput. 1996; 13: 81-84
- Alarms and human behaviour: implications for medical alarms.Br J Anaesth. 2006; 97: 12-17
- Resection of the colon simultaneously with pancreaticoduodenectomy for tumors of the pancreas and periampullary region: short-term and long-term results.World J Surg. 2004; 28: 1007-1010
- Closed-loop control of anaesthesia: an assessment of the bispectral index as the target of control.Anaesthesia. 2000; 55: 953-959
- Closed-loop control of propofol anaesthesia using bispectral index: performance assessment in patients receiving computer-controlled propofol and manually controlled remifentanil infusions for minor surgery.Br J Anaesth. 2003; 90: 737-741
- Closed-loop control of anesthesia using bispectral index: performance assessment in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery under combined general and regional anesthesia.Anesthesiology. 2002; 96: 67-73
- Closed-loop controlled administration of propofol using bispectral analysis.Anaesthesia. 1998; 53: 749-754
- Comparison of closed-loop controlled administration of propofol using bispectral index as the controlled variable versus standard practice controlled administration.Anesthesiology. 2001; 95: 6-17
- Performance evaluation of two published closed-loop control systems using bispectral index monitoring: a simulation study.Anesthesiology. 2004; 100: 640-647
- Desflurane reduces the effective therapeutic infusion rate (ETI) of cisatracurium more than isoflurane, sevoflurane, or propofol.Can J Anaesth. 2001; 48: 532-537
- Dose–response and concentration–response relation of rocuronium infusion during propofol–nitrous oxide and isoflurane–nitrous oxide anaesthesia.Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1997; 14: 488-494
- Model-driven closed-loop feedback infusion of atracurium and vecuronium during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1997; 11: 58-61
- Nonlinear model-based predictive control of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants using neural networks.J Clin Monit Comput. 1999; 15: 271-278
- [Feedback control of muscle relaxation with a varying on-off controller using cisatracurium].Anaesthesist. 2004; 53 ([in German]): 66-72
- A new paradigm for the closed loop intraoperative administration of analgesics in humans.IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2002; 49: 289-299
- Pharmacokinetics as applied to total intravenous anaesthesia. Practical implications.Anaesthesia. 1983; 38: 53-56
- Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of propofol (Diprivan) in volunteers and surgical patients.Postgrad Med J. 1985; 61: 53-54
- Propofol anaesthesia via target controlled infusion or manually controlled infusion: effects on the bispectral index as a measure of anaesthetic depth.Anaesth Intensive Care. 2001; 29: 579-584
- [Comparison between TCI-TIVA, manual TIVA and balanced anaesthesia for stereotactic biopsy of the brain].Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2004; 39 ([in German]): 212-219
- Bispectral index in patients with target-controlled or manually controlled infusion of propofol.Anesth Analg. 2002; 95 ([table of contents]): 639-644
- Target-controlled infusion for remifentanil in vascular patients improves hemodynamics and decreases remifentanil requirement.Anesth Analg. 2003; 96 ([table of contents]): 33-38
- The present status of anesthesia as a specialty.Am J Surg Q Suppl Anesth. 1922; 36: 34-37
- [Introduction of the electronic anesthesia record keeping system].Masui. 2002; 51 ([in Japanese]): 307-313
- Development of a module for point-of-care charge capture and submission using an anesthesia information management system.Anesthesiology. 2006; 105 ([quiz 231–2]): 179-186
- Automated anesthesia charge capture and submission: wave of the future, or bridge to nowhere?.Anesthesiology. 2006; 105: 5-7
- Shifting paradigms: from Flexner to competencies.Acad Med. 2002; 77: 361-367
- A worldwide survey of the use of simulation in anesthesia.Can J Anaesth. 2002; 49: 659-662
- Anaesthesia simulators.Balliere's Clinical Anesthesiology. 1996; 10: 297-315
- A comprehensive anesthesia simulation environment: re-creating the operating room for research and training.Anesthesiology. 1988; 69: 387-394
- Turning silk purses into sow's ears: human factors in medicine.in: Henseon L.C. Lee A.C. Simulators in anesthesiology education. Plenum Pres, New York1998: 1-7
- Does training on an anaesthesia simulator lead to improvement in performance?.Br J Anaesth. 1994; 73: 293-297
- Practicing medicine without risk: students' and educators' responses to high-fidelity patient simulation.Acad Med. 2001; 76: 469-472
- [Teaching and simulation: methods, demands, evaluation, and visions].Anaesthesist. 2007; 56 ([in German]): 53-62
- Responses to simulated anaesthetic emergencies by anaesthetists with different durations of clinical experience.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 553-556
- Trauma assessment training with a patient simulator: a prospective, randomized study.J Trauma. 2003; 55: 651-657
- Simulation-based training is superior to problem-based learning for the acquisition of critical assessment and management skills.Crit Care Med. 2006; 34: 151-157
- [Simulation and airway management].Anaesthesist. 2005; 54 ([in German]): 582-587
- Closed-loop support of ventilatory workload: the P0.1 controller.Respir Care Clin N Am. 2001; 7 (ix): 441-464
- Neuromuscular blockade at the larynx, the diaphragm, and the corrugator supercilii muscle: a review.Can J Anaesth. 2003; 50: 779-794
- An interstitial compartment is necessary to link the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mivacurium.Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2004; 21: 882-891
- Impact of peripheral elimination on the concentration–effect relationship of remifentanil in anaesthetized dogs.Br J Anaesth. 2005; 94: 357-365
- Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic–dynamic modeling of rocuronium in infants and children.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 690-695
- Electroencephalogram effect measures and relationships between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of centrally acting drugs.Clin Pharmacokinet. 1992; 23: 191-215
- Control of muscle relaxation during anesthesia: a novel approach for clinical routine.IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2006; 53: 387-398
- Fuzzy logic for model adaptation of a pharmacokinetic-based closed-loop delivery system for pancuronium.Artif Intell Med. 1997; 11: 9-31
- Simulators for use in anaesthesia.Anaesthesia. 2007; 62: 151-162
Article info
Identification
Copyright
© 2007 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
